Heavy Launch Vehicle of ISRO , the next big thing

Believe in yourself You will be successful. Believe in ISRO India will be successful. The Indian Space Research Organisation is now readying itself to jump to the next level. Once again putting everyone in a surprise. After the testing of Indegeneous Cryogenic Engines like CE 7.5, CE 20 and SCE 200. ISRO is putting them and their variants in use to make our larger dreams into reality. ISRO has taken up the challenge to develop Unified Launch Vehicle and Heavy Launch Vehicle. These new series of Rockets shows ISRO'S modular approach where the rockets can be customised to certain limits to make them capable for variety of space launch applications. The output of a cryogenic engine is pure H2O so we won't even be doing any pollution either. Here we introduce these two in a descriptive, balanced, interesting and easy to understand manner.

ULV

The Unified Launch Vehicle of ISRO.


It is a future expendable launch vehicle concept. It is modular in shape, comprising semi-cryogenics as booster, a cryogenics as upper stage and strap-ons of different magnitudes made of solid rockets. It can be S-200, S-139 or S-9, depending on the payload requirement. The ULV is slightly futuristic. All major Space Powers are developing new series of Rockets. The Ruskies are up to Angara rockets. The Chinkies have Long March 9 as the heavy duty rocket. Murica has got SLS.


The Angara system of Roscosmos is also modular just like ULV. The modular approach is when we can attach different stages of rockets for different load requirements and adjust the software program for any suitable flightpath. You can see in the picture below the largest ULV variant have two S 200 boosters and it can carry 15 tonnes of mass in LEO. It is very likely that these spacecrafts would be used by ISRO for launch of Manned Space Capsule. While for Manned mission on Moon , ISRO have got something even more better. Which we would bee seeing soon in this article.


The four booster options are:


• 6×S-13, slightly larger than the S-12 on PSLV, to burn longer;


• 2 × S-60, which appears to be a new solid motor development;


• 2 × S-139, which is the first stage of PSLV and GSLVMkI/II;


• 2×S-200, like on the LVM3.

HLV

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is developing a series of heavy lift launch vehicles (HLV) capable of lifting satellites up to 10 tonnes into the orbit.


Mindful of the need to keep development costs under control, we have adopted a modular approach to the design of the HLV, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre Director M.C. Dathan told mediapersons here on Friday. “While the GSLV Mk3, scheduled to undergo operation flight test in December 2016, will be capable of carrying satellites up to four tonnes, the standard size of satellites is expected to go up to six tonnes in the near future, requiring rockets with more heft,” he explained.




A Heavy-lift variant (HLV) of the unified launcher capable of placing up to 9 ton class of spacecrafts into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit would include:-


• A larger dual S-250 solid strap-on boosters as compared to the S-200 boosters used in LVM3;


• A semi-cryogenic core stage similar to LVM3 with SCE-200 engine;


• A semi cryogenic third stage with a new CE-50 engine;


• A new fourth stage with cryogenic C10 engine.


The Diagram of all these is given below.

ISRO is toying with the idea of adding a semi-cryogenic stage to the GSLV Mk3 to generate a lift up to six tonnes. A more powerful cryo upper stage is expected to add the required muscle to handle satellites up to 10 tonnes. “What we have in mind is a progressive development to come up with need-based variants of the Mk3 instead of coming up with a new rocket altogether,” Mr. Dathan said.


Explaining the rationale behind the modular approach, he said the miniaturisation of electronics could lead to the development of lighter satellites requiring lesser lift capability. “This is where the modular design makes sense.”


Mr. Dathan said ISRO was developing an orbiter, lander, and rover for Chandrayaan-2, India’s second mission to the moon planned for 2017. “The initial proposal for a Russian lander was dropped after they changed the design, making it too heavy for the PSLV rocket.”


This concept seems quite relevant in the times when ISRO is managing its resources and time to achieve the goal of Manned Space Flights. ISRO has developed basic concepts, definitions and designs to perform manned space flights till 2020 at the best. The HLV variant of ULV will have an increased size of fuel tank from the SCE 200 engine as illustrated here. The Heavy Launch Vehicle will also have a big sized upper stage to carry almost 10 tonnes of cargo, in case ISRO plans a space station or something.

To The Moon and Beyond

Mean while to land an Indian Vyomnaut on Moon , the ISRO developed more concepts which one ISRO Scientist explained in a seminar. The concept is quite similar to same used by NASA to send Niel Armstrong on moon. The moon lander will be carried by a separate launch vehicle and Crew module separately. These will then be boosted into Moon's orbit and then the booster separated. The crew will be transferred from Crew module into Moon Lander which will land on moon, do some Research work and return. The upper stage of lander called decent stage would lift off from moon and join the crew module back. The crew module will return to Earth carrying the Vyomnauts.


All the process is illustrated here below. Just view the image properly.

One more aspect of modular approach is seen here as marked in the image above the engine's fuel tank has been increased in size for the core stage of the rocket. This is actually based on ISRO'S newest semi-cryogenic engine, The SCE 200. Rumoured to be purchased patents from a Ukrainian company. On June 2, 2005, India and Ukraine signed the Framework Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Government of the Republic of India on Cooperation in the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, which would enter in force on February 15, 2006. As per unconfirmed information obtained by Wikileaks this contract involved the transfer of blueprints for a rocket engine by the Yuzhnoye Design Office. According to official press release on March 26, 2013 by Ukrainian Ministry of Economic Development and Trade, development of a rocket engine for Indian launch vehicles initiated in 2006 under a joint Indian-Ukrainian project named “Jasmine”


It was said by wikileaks that while Soviet Russia disentigrated. Many Private Space Tech. companies sold thier patents and research work to a large number of buyers in India and China. All the Progress of India and China you see in the field of Space Tech. most of that depends upon those former soviet patents.


This new space launch system offers flexibility as we can launch commercial communication sats which are big in size and have weights of almost 2-3 tonnes. And also large number of Nano Satellites which are small but have thier own delicate complexities. Finally this system is nice enough to launch Space Research/ Earth Observation / Weather Monitoring kind of satellites which carry large number of components.

This image explains very nicely the configuration of Manned Space Capsule under study by ISRO. This capsule was designed by HAL and if Compared with recent capsules such as Dragon of USA and PTK-NP of Russia the design is advanced. It's crew module has been tested recently. The image in the right shows crew module kept inverted for a test launch.

Hope you have enjoyed the introduction of these new Space Launch Vehicles of ISRO. We would post more details about it. Stay Tuned. Have a look around the website and feel free to ask any question.

Info credits:


defence.Pk
indiandefenceforum
Official website of ISRO.
Times of India


Image credits:


defence.Pk
available on pic

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